Post-transcriptional regulation refers to the control of gene expression that occurs after the genetic information has been transcribed from DNA to RNA. This process involves various mechanisms, such as RNA splicing, RNA editing, RNA stability, and translation regulation, that determine the final amount and activity of proteins produced by a gene. Post-transcriptional regulation plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including development, differentiation, and response to environmental stimuli. Dysregulation of these processes can lead to various diseases, such as cancer, neurodevelopmental disorders, and metabolic disorders. Research in post-transcriptional regulation focuses on understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in these processes, identifying the regulatory factors, and exploring their implications for cellular function and disease. This knowledge can provide insights into potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of diseases related to aberrant gene expression.